Нарушение прав доступа при попытке сопоставить текстуру с треугольником в GLSL

Проблема заключается в том, что когда я передаю текстуру, которую я хочу нарисовать, фрагментному шейдеру, это 8-битная беззнаковая RGBA-текстура размером 64×64. Я посмотрел на код от других людей, прочитал определения функций. Проверено на наличие ошибок при использовании glGetError() который возвращает 0 независимо от того, где я положил его в программу, пока не вызовет нарушение прав доступа после вызова glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6); Это, наверное, что-то супер очевидное, и я недавно задал вопрос, но я так старался решить это самостоятельно. Поэтому я надеюсь, что не буду беспокоиться, задавая этот вопрос.

Это код, в котором я пытаюсь загрузить текстуру в память

glGenTextures(1, textures);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[0]);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, BTH_IMAGE_WIDTH, BTH_IMAGE_HEIGHT, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, BTH_IMAGE_DATA);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);

Здесь я пытаюсь передать его в шейдер

GLint texture0 = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "texture0");
glUniform1i(texture0, 0);

Мой фрагмент шейдера

#version 400

out vec4 fragment_color;

uniform sampler2D texture0;

in fData
{
vec3 normal;
vec4 color;
mat4 v;
vec2 tex_coord;
} frag;void main () {
vec3 n = normalize(frag.normal);
float intensity = min(max(dot(n, vec3(0,0,-1)), 0.0), 1.0);

//fragment_color = frag.color * (intensity);
fragment_color = texture(texture0,frag.tex_coord.st) *  intensity;
}

полный main.cpp

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// BTH - Stefan Petersson 2014.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vector>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <streambuf>
#include <chrono>
#include <gl/glew.h>
#include <gl/GL.h>
# define M_PI           3.14159265358979323846
#include "glm\glm.hpp"#include "glm\gtc\matrix_transform.hpp"#include "bth_image.h"#pragma comment(lib, "opengl32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "glew32.lib")

using namespace std;
using namespace glm;
HWND InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HGLRC CreateOpenGLContext(HWND wndHandle);

GLuint gVertexBuffer = 0;
GLuint gVertexAttribute = 0;
GLuint gShaderProgram = 0;
GLuint textures[1];
mat4x4 view;
mat4x4 world;
mat4x4 projection;
float DT;

struct CPUvalues
{
float v1;
float v2;
float v3;
float v4;
};

CPUvalues Gv = { 0.5, 0, 0, 0 };

GLuint gu = 0;

#define BUFFER_OFFSET(i) ((char *)nullptr + (i))

void CreateShaders()
{
GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
ifstream shaderFile("VertexShader.glsl");
std::string shaderText((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(shaderFile)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
shaderFile.close();
const char* shaderTextPtr = shaderText.c_str();
glShaderSource(vs, 1, &shaderTextPtr, nullptr);
glCompileShader(vs);

//create fragment shader | same process.
GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
shaderFile.open("Fragment.glsl");
shaderText.assign((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(shaderFile)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
shaderFile.close();
shaderTextPtr = shaderText.c_str();
glShaderSource(fs, 1, &shaderTextPtr, nullptr);
glCompileShader(fs);

GLuint gs = glCreateShader(GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
shaderFile.open("GMshader.glsl");
shaderText.assign((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(shaderFile)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
shaderFile.close();
shaderTextPtr = shaderText.c_str();
glShaderSource(gs, 1, &shaderTextPtr, nullptr);
glCompileShader(gs);

GLint success = 0;
glGetShaderiv(gs, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (success == GL_FALSE)
{
GLint logSize = 0;
glGetShaderiv(gs, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &logSize);
std::vector<GLchar> errorLog(logSize);
glGetShaderInfoLog(gs, logSize, &logSize, &errorLog[0]);
for (int i = 0; i < errorLog.size(); i++)
{
cout << errorLog.at(i);
}
}
//link shader program (connect vs and ps)
gShaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(gShaderProgram, fs);
glAttachShader(gShaderProgram, gs);
glAttachShader(gShaderProgram, vs);
glLinkProgram(gShaderProgram);glGenTextures(1, textures);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[0]);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, BTH_IMAGE_WIDTH, BTH_IMAGE_HEIGHT, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, BTH_IMAGE_DATA);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
GLint isLinked = 0;
glGetProgramiv(gShaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &isLinked);
if (isLinked == GL_FALSE)
{
GLint maxLength = 0;
glGetProgramiv(gShaderProgram, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &maxLength);
std::vector<GLchar> infoLog(maxLength);
glGetProgramInfoLog(gShaderProgram, maxLength, &maxLength, &infoLog[0]);
for (GLint i = 0; i < maxLength; i++)
{
cout << infoLog.at(i);
}
}
}

void CreateTriangleData()
{
// this is how we will structure the input data for the vertex shader
// every six floats, is one vertex.

struct TriangleVertex
{
float x, y, z;
float r, g, b;
float s, t;
};
// create the actual data in plane Z = 0
TriangleVertex triangleVertices[6] =
{
// pos and color for each vertex
{ -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f },
{ 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f },
{ -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f },

{ 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,     0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f },
{ 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f },
{ -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f }};
// Vertex Array Object (VAO)
glGenVertexArrays(1, &gVertexAttribute);
// bind == enable
glBindVertexArray(gVertexAttribute);
// this activates the first and second attributes of this VAO
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);

// create a vertex buffer object (VBO) id
glGenBuffers(1, &gVertexBuffer);
// Bind the buffer ID as an ARRAY_BUFFER
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, gVertexBuffer);
// This "could" imply copying to the GPU, depending on what the driver wants to do...
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(triangleVertices), triangleVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

// query where which slot corresponds to the input vertex_position in the Vertex Shader
GLint vertexPos = glGetAttribLocation(gShaderProgram, "vertex_position");
// specify that: the vertex attribute "vertexPos", of 3 elements of type FLOAT, not normalized, with STRIDE != 0,
//               starts at offset 0 of the gVertexBuffer (it is implicitly bound!)
glVertexAttribPointer(vertexPos, 3,    GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,     sizeof(TriangleVertex), BUFFER_OFFSET(0));

// query where which slot corresponds to the input vertex_color in the Vertex Shader
//GLint vertexColor = glGetAttribLocation(gShaderProgram, "vertex_color");
// specify that: the vertex attribute "vertex_color", of 3 elements of type FLOAT, not normalized, with STRIDE != 0,
//               starts at offset (12 bytes) of the gVertexBuffer
//glVertexAttribPointer(vertexColor, 3,    GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,     sizeof(TriangleVertex), BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(float)*3));

GLint tex_coord = glGetAttribLocation(gShaderProgram, "coord");
glVertexAttribPointer(tex_coord,   2,    GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,     sizeof(TriangleVertex), BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(float)*6));

//cout << "Error: "<< glGetError() << endl;
}

void SetViewport()
{
glViewport(0, 0, 640, 480);
}

void Render()
{
// set the color TO BE used
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
// use the color to clear the color buffer
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);glUseProgram(gShaderProgram);
glBindVertexArray(gVertexAttribute);

glGenBuffers(1, &gu);
glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, gu);//glBufferSubData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, sizeof(CPUvalues), &Gv);GLint _p = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "p");
GLint _m = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "m");
GLint _v = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "v");

//glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
//glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[0]);

GLint texture0 = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "texture0");
glUniform1i(texture0, 0);
glUniformMatrix4fv(_p, 1, GL_FALSE, &projection[0][0]);
glUniformMatrix4fv(_m, 1, GL_FALSE, &world[0][0]);
glUniformMatrix4fv(_v, 1, GL_FALSE, &view[0][0]);//GLint texture0 = glGetUniformLocation(gShaderProgram, "texture0");
//glUniform1i(texture0, GL_TEXTURE0);

// draw 3 vertices starting from index 0 in the vertex array currently bound (VAO), with current in-use shader
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
glFrontFace(GL_CW);
glCullFace(GL_BACK);
cout << "Error: " << glGetError() << endl;
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
}

int WINAPI wWinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPWSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow )
{
AllocConsole();
freopen("CONOUT$", "w", stdout);
DT = 0.016;
MSG msg = { 0 };
HWND wndHandle = InitWindow(hInstance); //1. Skapa fönster
if (wndHandle)
{
HDC hDC = GetDC(wndHandle);

HGLRC hRC = CreateOpenGLContext(wndHandle); //2. Skapa och koppla OpenGL context

glewInit(); //3. Initiera The OpenGL Extension Wrangler Library (GLEW)

SetViewport(); //4. Sätt viewport

CreateShaders(); //5. Skapa vertex- och fragment-shaders

CreateTriangleData(); //6. Definiera triangelvertiser, 7. Skapa vertex buffer object (VBO), 8.Skapa vertex array object (VAO)

ShowWindow(wndHandle, nCmdShow);
view = lookAt(vec3(0, 0, -2), vec3(0, 0, 0), vec3(0, 1, 0));
mat4x4 sm;
sm = scale(sm, vec3(1, 1, 1));
mat4x4 tm;
tm = translate(tm, vec3(0, 0, 0));
mat4x4 rm;
rm = mat4x4(1);
projection = perspective<float>(M_PI*0.45, 640 / 480, 0.1, 20);while (WM_QUIT != msg.message)
{
auto start_time = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
//Gv.v1 += 0.05 * DT;

Gv.v1 += 1 * DT;
world = tm * rotate(rm, Gv.v1, vec3(0, 1, 0)) * sm;if (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
Render(); //9. Rendera
SwapBuffers(hDC); //10. Växla front- och back-buffer
}
auto final_time = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - start_time;
DT = chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(final_time).count() / (double)1000;
}

wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL);
ReleaseDC(wndHandle, hDC);
wglDeleteContext(hRC);
DestroyWindow(wndHandle);
}

return (int) msg.wParam;
}

HWND InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex = { 0 };
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
wcex.lpszClassName = L"BTH_GL_DEMO";
if( !RegisterClassEx(&wcex) )
return false;

RECT rc = { 0, 0, 640, 480 };
AdjustWindowRect( &rc, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE );

HWND handle = CreateWindow(
L"BTH_GL_DEMO",
L"BTH OpenGL Demo",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
rc.right - rc.left,
rc.bottom - rc.top,
nullptr,
nullptr,
hInstance,
nullptr);

return handle;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}

return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

HGLRC CreateOpenGLContext(HWND wndHandle)
{
//get handle to a device context (DC) for the client area
//of a specified window or for the entire screen
HDC hDC = GetDC(wndHandle);

//details: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd318286(v=vs.85).aspx
static  PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pixelFormatDesc =
{
sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),    // size of this pfd
1,                                // version number
PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |              // support window
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |              // support OpenGL
PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,                 // double buffered
PFD_TYPE_RGBA,                    // RGBA type
32,                               // 32-bit color depth
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,                 // color bits ignored
0,                                // no alpha buffer
0,                                // shift bit ignored
0,                                // no accumulation buffer
0, 0, 0, 0,                       // accum bits ignored
0,                                // 0-bits for depth buffer <-- modified by Stefan
0,                                // no stencil buffer
0,                                // no auxiliary buffer
PFD_MAIN_PLANE,                   // main layer
0,                                // reserved
0, 0, 0                           // layer masks ignored
};

//attempt to match an appropriate pixel format supported by a
//device context to a given pixel format specification.
int pixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hDC, &pixelFormatDesc);

//set the pixel format of the specified device context
//to the format specified by the iPixelFormat index.
SetPixelFormat(hDC, pixelFormat, &pixelFormatDesc);

//create a new OpenGL rendering context, which is suitable for drawing
//on the device referenced by hdc. The rendering context has the same
//pixel format as the device context.
HGLRC hRC = wglCreateContext(hDC);

//makes a specified OpenGL rendering context the calling thread's current
//rendering context. All subsequent OpenGL calls made by the thread are
//drawn on the device identified by hdc.
wglMakeCurrent(hDC, hRC);

return hRC;
}

BTH_IMAGE_WIDTH, BTH_IMAGE_HEIGHT и BTH_IMAGE_DATA определены в bth_image.h. Ниже определено, как оно определяется (не будет включать полное определение BTH_IMAGE_DATA из-за его большого размера)

const unsigned int BTH_IMAGE_WIDTH = 64;
const unsigned int BTH_IMAGE_HEIGHT = 64;

//Image data stored in 8-bit RGBA format
unsigned char BTH_IMAGE_DATA[] = {
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16...........
};

Вызов sizeof (BTH_IMAGE_DATA) дает 16384, что соответствует его размеру в виде несжатой 8-битной 64-битной кодированной RGBA-текстуры (она жестко закодирована как часть университетского задания, и я не могу с этим многое сделать)